Try this:        

string destination = "ftp://something.com/";
        string file = "test.jpg";
        string extention = Path.GetExtension(file);
        string fileName = file.Remove(file.Length - extention.Length);
        string fileNameCopy = fileName;
        int attempt = 1;

        while (!CheckFileExists(GetRequest(destination + "//" + fileNameCopy + extention)))
        {
            fileNameCopy = fileName + " (" + attempt.ToString() + ")";
            attempt++;
        }

        // do your upload, we've got a name that's OK
    }

    private static FtpWebRequest GetRequest(string uriString)
    {
        var request = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uriString);
        request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("", "");
        request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize;

        return request;
    }

    private static bool CheckFileExists(FtpWebRequest request)
    {
        try
        {
            FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            return true;
        }
        catch (WebException ex)
        {
            FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)ex.Response;
            if (response.StatusCode == FtpStatusCode.ActionNotTakenFileUnavailable)
            {
                return false;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }